從TPP到TTIP：美歐FTA勞動標準規則的融合趨勢及對中國貿易法治的啟示

From TPP to TTIP: The Amalgamation Trend of Labor Standard under EU and US's FTAs and Its Implication for China's Trade Rule

從《北美勞動合作協定》（1994)和《毛里求斯協定》(1995)到當前已締結的TPP和正在談判的TTIP,美歐FTA勞動標準實踐形成各自不同的風格，但整體都趨向嚴格。美歐TTIP勞動標準問題的談判分歧包含融合的基礎，可能出現各自既有實踐關鍵元素的交叉與疊加。美歐FTA勞動標準所折射的貿易協定勞動標準發展趨勢對國際貿易法治和中國貿易法治均提出了新要求。中國應以更具建設性的眼光來看待這一趨勢，從規範方面完善貿易政策中的勞動標準。

From NAALC (1994) and Mauritius Agreement (1995) to TPP (concluded) and TTIP (under negotiation), while different styles have emerged in EU and US's labor standard practice under FTAs, there is a general trend of being stricter. Although there is still divergence between EU and US's labor standard practice, there is a great possibility that these two kinds of practice will overlay in TTIP's final rules of labor standard. The general trend of the development of labor standard under trade agreement refracted from EU and US's labor standard practice under FTAs has brought new challenges to both international trade law and China's trade rules. China should view this trend constructively and try to improve labor standard rules in trade policy.