考量買方風險接受態度的供應商選擇：結合效用函數的簡單多屬性評比方法

Supplier Selection Considering Buyers’ Risk-Taking Behavior: A SMART-Based Approach Incorporating Utility Function

供應組合策略能夠有效減少供應鏈中斷所造成的影響，而評估與選擇供應商是產生供應組合的一個重要步驟。目前文獻中有關供應商選擇的方法大多僅考量與供應商相關的屬性，忽略了買方採購人員之風險接受態度與外部市場需求改變的影響。針對這項議題，本文提出結合效用函數於簡單多屬性評選方法的整合架構，考量買方之風險接受態度，並且探討不同需求情境下之供應商選擇決策。此方法之目的在於協助決策者 評估供應商，並且選擇可以帶給買方最大效用的供應商。本研究將此方法應用於一家大型半導體封裝與測試公司在不同市場需求情境下的供應商選擇問題，結果顯示本研究提出的方法能夠協助廠商在不同的風險接受態度與市場需求情境下，決定最適當的供應商。

Supply portfolio is one of the strategies that can mitigate the impacts of supply disruptions. In making a supply portfolio, evaluating and selecting suppliers is a crucial step. Existing methods of supplier selection focus mainly on the attributes of suppliers, while the human effects of buyers and changes in external demand are seldom or never considered in the literature. To address these issues, this paper proposes the incorporation of the utility function in the simple multi-attribute rating technique to account for buyers' risk-taking behavior and investigate supplier selection decisions under different scenarios of market demand. The proposed approach aims to help decision-makers evaluate their supplier options and select the suppliers that will give the maximum utility. As a case study, the proposed approach is applied to the supplier selection problem faced by a large semiconductor assembly and testing company under different demand scenarios. The results show that our approach is able to determine the most appropriate suppliers for the company for different risk-taking behavior and under different demand scenarios.