條件說的厘清與辯駁

Analysis on the Conditions Theory

作為刑法因果關係領域的通說理論，條件說受到了條件說無用論、條件說錯誤論以及條件說寬鬆論的批評，但這些批評意見都難以成立。是否有助於查明因果關係，並不是評價包括條件說在內的刑法因果關係理論的合理標準。條件公式的確會在假定因果關係和擇一因果關係的場合得出錯誤結論，但條件公式不等於條件說判斷公式，而條件說判斷公式可以在上述兩種場合得出正確結論。條件說可以區分為積極條件說和消極條件說，積極條件說的確存在過於寬鬆的問題，但目前在理論上佔據通說地位的消極條件說並不存在這個問題。

As the most influential theory in the field of causality in criminal law, the conditions theory is subject to three typical criticisms. Firstly, it is criticized as worthless because it can not provide any help in the identification of causal relationships. Secondly, it is considered to be a wrong theory because it will draw erroneous conclusions on specific occasions. Thirdly, it is accused for leading to an overly broad scope of criminal responsibility. After a detailed analysis, we can know that the three criticisms can not be established.