糞便微生物移植（Fecal Microbiota Transplantation）於困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（Clostridium difficile)腸炎的應用

Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infections

近年來由於抗生素使用導致困難縮狀芽孢桿菌（Clostridium difficile）腸炎的病例在歐美各地有逐漸增加的趨勢，約有10～25%的病人有復發的情形，疾病嚴重度也有加重的趨勢，因此增加治療上的困難，除了使用適當的抗生素治療病人外，以糞便微生物移植來治療反覆性困難縮狀芽孢桿菌疾病，有不錯的成功率，甚至有可能成為以後治療首次困難縮狀芽孢桿菌腸炎的主要方式。

Clostridium difficile is the causative agent of antibiotic-associated colitis that occurs when the normal intestinal tract flora colonization is disrupted by antimicrobial therapy. Since the early 2000s, C. difficile infections have become more frequent, severe, and refractory to standard therapies. C. difficile infection relapses occur in 10-25% of initially infected patients. Furthermore, multiple relapses in the same patient are common despite treatment with antibiotics (metronidazole or vancomycin). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has attracted great interest in recent years because of the growing epidemic of C. difficile infections, and it is now recommended for recurrent C. difficile infections. Many studies have reported FMT success rates of approximately 90% or more. In the future, after further refinement, FMT may be used following “first-time” C. difficile infections.