論《成唯識論》對原始佛法「十二緣支」之繼承與開展

A Study on the Inheritance and Development of the Original Buddhist Doctrine “Twelve Angas” from Ch’eng Wei-Shih Lun

本文所討論的主題—「十二緣支」，代表佛陀時代思想的阿含聖典已經表明此一根本立場，又何須在大乘唯識佛學中再度闡釋「十二緣起論」呢？本文據《成唯識論》明示「此十二支能令生死相續，離斷常二邊」，亦透過本論討論緣起十二支之內在實義與中道，從中得知唯識思想中所論述的「十二緣支」實義，在於建構出一重因果論，乃至確立，且不落入斷、常二執之邊見，顯示「緣起中道」的思想路線。由此也說明了大乘唯識佛學並非是新創造的緣起理論，而是立基於原始佛教的「緣起中道」精神的再度深究與傳續，而顯示出唯識佛學在緣起意義上的特色。另外，查閱佛教學界中少有從《成唯識論》的觀點去討論「十二緣支」的問題，亦少以此和原始佛教的「緣起」思想作連接，因此本論文的討論，期望能透過《成唯識論》補充原始佛教「十二緣支」之支數與前後次第上的合理釋義，以及提供《成唯識論》佛教學術進一步之研究價值與意義。

This paper deals with “Twelve Angas,” the representative thought of the Buddha’s age from Basic Buddhist Scripture had made known the basic position. Why does it deal with “Twelve Angas” once in the Mahayana Buddhist Wei-Shih Studies？ This paper on Ch’eng Wei-Shih Lun explicates “the Twelve Angas are capable of causing the continuity of births and deaths, and leave permanence and interruption.” And through this paper discussing the inner true meaning and middle way of the Twelve Angas, we can know how to establish one incarnation and the fruit of the twelve Angas from the Twelve Angas’s true meaning on the Wei-Shih Buddhist Thought, and without permanence and interruption, and showing the thoughtful route of the “Angas Middle Way.” In this way, it has explained non new-style of the Twelve Angas in the Mahayana Buddhist Wei-Shih Studies, but it is based on the spirit of the original Buddhist Angas Middle Way that is more deeply traced to its source and transmitted, and the distinguishing features of the Angas meaning are exhibited in the Wei-Shih Buddhism. Moreover, in looking up the Buddhist Studies, few viewpoints discuss with the Twelve Angas from Ch’eng Wei-Shih Lun, and there is little connection with the Twelve Angas’s thought of the original Buddhism. Therefore it is hoped that the thesis can pass through Ch’eng Wei-Shih Lun to supply reasonable explanation of the Angas’s number and order, and it is hoped that the paper can offer a further research value and meaning on Ch’eng Wei-Shih Lun in the Buddhist academic studies.