楊鍔《水陸儀》考

On the shuilu ritual text by Yang Er

水陸法會起自南北朝梁武帝創制水陸儀文，宋代以後普及全國。宋代水陸法會中所使用的水陸儀以楊鍔所撰最早，但由於資料欠缺，有關該儀的研究一直未見展開。本文結合現存唐末五代和宋代數種水陸儀資料，對楊鍔《水陸儀》進行了研究，指出該水陸儀繼承了唐末五代水陸儀中天輪、地輪、天輪燈壇、地輪燈壇等內容，並直接地影響蘇軾《眉山水陸》、宗賾《天地冥陽水陸儀》和祖覺《水陸齋儀》等宋代水陸儀。

The creation of Shuilu ritual text by Emperor Wudi of Southern and Northern Dynasties gave birth to the Shuilu ritual, which become a prevalent religion ritual by the Song Dynasty period. Yang Er was the first who edited the Shuilu ritual text during Song Dynasty. This is a study of the ritual text by Yang Er, based on some currently accessible Buddhist ritual texts inherited from the later stage of Tang dynasty and the Five Dynasties. This article argues that there are elements inherited from the Tang and the Five dynasties found in Yang Er’s text, which contributed obvious influences to authors of some later ver-sions of Suilu ritual text in Song Dynasty, such as Su Shi, Zong-ze and Zu-jue.