神會無念禪法中的懺悔義蘊

The Implication of Kṣama in Shen Hui’s Thoughtlessness Zen Buddhism

本文以六祖惠能弟子荷澤神會的禪話語錄中關涉懺悔滅罪內容為討論對象，對照惠能的無相懺悔、神秀的無生懺悔，肯定荷澤神會般若空智直了見性禪法中的無念懺悔。透過相關資料的理解與析論，筆者認為荷澤神會的無念懺悔具有「不執罪福的願罪除滅」、「三無漏學的清淨無念」、「實相無相的般若懺悔」、「無住立知的正見無念」四層實踐性義蘊，這是繼惠能無相懺悔後的進一步發展。

This text takes the contents about kṣama for absolution from sin in the written records of lectures on Zen dialogue by Heze Shen Hui, a disciple of the sixth patriarch Hui Neng, as the subject of discussion to give positive recognition to the thoughtlessness kṣama of innately possessed wisdom of Prajñā and sudden realization of self nature and enlightenment in Zen Buddhism, in comparison to Hui Neng’s animitta kṣama and Shen Hsiu’s kṣama of nirvana wisdom. The comprehension and analysis of related information thus leads me to think that the thoughtlessness kṣama of Shen Hui of He Tzeh Ch'an embraces the four practical implications, “The absolution from sin not sticking to sin and blessing,” “The purification and thoughtlessness of three uncontaminated studies,” “The Prajñā kṣama of animitta and dharmata bhuta-tathata (true sign),” and “The no-going and knowing-set right view and thoughtlessness,” signifying the further development following Hui Neng’s animitta kṣama.