敬虔信仰與教育慈善工作──宗教家弗蘭開

Pietism, Education and Charity Work—August Hermann Francke

普魯士宗教家弗蘭開本著敬虔主義的精神，以憐憫愛人與熱誠信心，服務於格勞查教區，從事教會革新工作，並於西元1695年在哈列大學創立了「弗蘭開教育機構」，陸續開辦各式教育並設立孤兒院、醫療所等慈善機構，對於基督教教育有著不可抹滅的貢獻。此外，第一所現代化大學—哈列大學1694年成立於普魯士，從弗蘭開擔任教授以來，將其造就成敬虔主義運動的中心，並鼓勵學生前往海外傳教，影響所及，廣至美洲大陸與印度等地，也為後來各處殖民地的屬靈「大覺醒」（Great Awakening）開啟曙光。本文希望能回溯弗蘭開的生平經歷，並透過敬虔主義的發展與主張，來剖析弗蘭開從事教育慈善工作的堅持與信念，並讓國人能更加熟悉弗蘭開這位「德國實踐宗教教育家最崇高的典範」，也希望透過宗教愛心本質，協助弱勢族群，增進社會發展的均衡。

Prussia Religionist—August Hermann Francke based on the spirit of pietism as well as pities, with compassion and the sincere confidence, serviced in Glaucha’s church parish to do the church reform work. He also founded “Franckesche Stiftungen” in the Halle University in 1695 A.D. and set up various types of schools, the orphanage and infirmary, such kinds of charitable organization one after another. He has the indelible contribution in Christian education. In addition, the first modernized university—Halle University was founded in Prussia in 1694. Since Francke held the post of professor, he accomplished the Halle University as the pietistic movement center and encouraged the students to go overseas for missionary works. The mission not only affected broadly to mainland America and India but also becomes the dawns of the colonies’ “Great Awakening” afterwards. According to the development and position of pietism, this article intends to recall Francke’s life and experiences and analyse his persistence and faith in doing the charitable education, which enables the people in Taiwan be more familiar with Francke as “the noblest example of the practical Christian educator of Germany”, assists the weak groups and promotes the society’s equilibrium.