整合環境目標於農業政策及經營之歐洲經驗回顧

A Review of European Experience of Integrating Environmental Objectives into Agricultural Policy and Practice

本文回顧歐洲的農業生產型態之改變及其所造成之環境效果。文中指出形成農業與環境政策發展之模型，並探討這些模型與不同的文化觀點與干預策略之間的關聯。本文進而檢視各種為改進環境目標與農業整合策略之演進，這些策略包括價格支持之減除，正式的環境管制，農業環境誘因及環境相互承諾等。文中同時回顧了歐洲在尋求這些策略上的經驗，本文最後的結論是，有效的環境整合必需尋求這些策略的結合。

The paper reviews the changing production patterns on European agriculture and the range of environmental effects that result. It identifies the prevailing models that have informed the development of policy for agriculture and environment, and relates these to distinct cultural perspectives and intervention strategies. The paper then examines in turn the evolution of the different strategies for improved integration of environmental objectives into agriculture. They include the reduction of support prices, formal environmental regulation, agrienvironmental incentives and environmental cross-compliance. The European experience pursuing each of these is reviewed and it is concluded that effective environmental integration will require the pursuit of a combination of them.