遊憩區經濟效益評估法之應用－－以國立宜蘭農工專科學校實驗林場為例

Application of Economic Valuation of Recreation Sites-- An Example of the Experimental Forest of National I-Lan Institute of Agriculture and Technology

本文係針對計劃開闢之遊憩區－－國立宜蘭農工專科學校實驗林場（宜專林場），以下列三種不同模型利用Probit最大概似法進行估計：(1)純粹旅遊成本法(pure TCM)；(2)純粹假設市場評估法(pure CVM)；(3)結合TCM與CVM法(TCM and CVM combined)。估計結果顯示第(1)及第(3)模型估計值較可採信，因其樣本數與參數間之關係符合經濟理論的限制；所估計之經濟效益（以對等變量或補償變量表示）每戶每年約30元。由於效用函數之設定方式及樣本資料之問題，使結合模型中TCM資料對概似函數值的改變有較大的影響而成為壓倒性的一方，因此結合模型與TCM模型之估計結果較為接近。

Three approaches are used to evaluate the economic value of a plan-to-open recreation site - the Experimental Forest of National I-Lan Institute of Agriculture and Technology (NIIAT). The approaches used are: (l)pure travel cost model (pure TCM); (2) pure contingent valuation model (pure CVM); and (3) TCM and CVM combined model. Three sets of data are conducted in the analysis: samples from I-Lan county and on-site travellers, and a survey of all staff in NIIAT. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of probit model is applied. In pure TCM model and combined model, the relationship between sample and prameter matches that implied by economic theory, and the resulting equivalent valuation (EV) and compensation valuation (CV) are approximately NT$30 per household per year, which is plausible. The result of pure CVM model seems implausible. Because of the setting of utility function and data source, the data from on-site travellers plays a dominant role in the likelihood function in combined model and hence the results of pure TCM and combined model are closed to each other.