航空貨運集散站出口作業流程改善之研究

An Empirical Study on the Improvement of the Operational Process in An Air Cargo Terminal

高單價及具時效性之商品以航空貨運為主。改善航空貨運站之作業效率，有其重要性。過去相關之研究多偏向組織再造或資本私有化，改善航空貨運站出口作業之研究，則相對少見。故本研究專注於此。本研究中，首先分析航空出口作業流程之基本作業，再連結基本作業以建立出口作業流程之網路圖。據此，可估算貨物在各作業流程中所需之移動距離及時間，並找出關鍵路徑。此出口作業流程網路圖，進一步用來探討各作業流程之簡化或合併，以降低出口作業時間，並可用來分析作業位置之配置之適當性及人力配置之最佳化。本研究以華儲高雄分公司之營運為實例，經作業流程網路圖來進行分析，並提出人力、作業流程及空間配置之改善建議。此研究使用之方法可供其他航空貨運集散站參考，以改善其作業。

Air cargo transport aims to achieve on-time delivery, mainly for high-value products. As the operation efficiency in an air cargo terminal can significantly affect the overall efficiency of the air cargo transport, improving the operational efficiency of an air cargo terminal is thus becomes important to the air cargo industry. However, it is noted that most of extant studies have mainly focused on investigating organization restructure or capital privatization of air cargo terminals, instead of on their operation processes improvement. This has motivated us to find the possibility to improve the export operations processes for an air cargo terminal. In this research, we have first identified the standard operation processes in an air cargo terminal and then connected them into a network flow chart, which specifies the details of the entire exporting operation processes in an air cargo terminal. Using this network flow chart, we can estimate the distance between two operation activities and the time required for each activity. In addition, we can identify the critical path of the standard export operation processes of an air cargo terminal. Based on the standard export process at the Kaohsiung air cargo terminal managed by the Taiwan Air Cargo Terminal Limited, our empirical study finally suggests an approach to reduce the operational time and improve the efficiency of the air cargo terminal. This network flow chart can also be employed by the other air cargo terminals to improve their operation efficiency.