膝關節鏡綜論

General Review Arthroscopy of the Knee Joint

近世日益蓬勃的內視鏡技術，提供臨床醫學極佳的微侵入性診療方案。由於內視鏡操作的基本需求是一個體內腔室空問，因此在骨科領域中，主要是用在關節部位，因此稱為關節鏡。在人體諸多關節中，膝關節是空間最大、最適合於內視鏡操作的一個部位，因此關節鏡的發展亦以膝關節最早、也最完備。本文介紹近世膝關節鏡的發展歷史、最近的發展、以及臨床應用的基本原則，提供對膝關節鏡手術的一些基本認識。

The modern development of endoscopic technology has provided a minimally invasive strategy for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The endoscopic procedures are commonly operated in a body chamber. The orthopedic application of endoscopy is therefore to the joints which are generally concealed spaces suitable for such operation, and is known as the arthroscopy. The knee joint has the largest space amongst joints of the human body, and has been the joint first and most benefited by the modern arthroscopic surgeries. This article covers a historical review about the development of arthroscope, the recent advancements of the arthroscopic techniques, and the basic clinical principles of arthroscopy at the knee joint.