試釋《顏氏家訓》裡的「南染吳越，北雜夷虜」－－兼論現代閩語的來源

The “Wu Dialect” of Southern Dynasties and the Origin of Modern Min; Plus an Exegesis of Yan Zhitui’s Dictum, “The South is tainted by Wu and Yue features, and the North is intermixed with barbaric tongues of Yi and Lu”

丁邦新 (1988)、羅杰瑞 (1983) 提出一個假設：東晉南朝的吳語是現代閩語的來源。本文第 2 節用文獻和方言的資料來支持丁、羅兩位的說法。第 4 節用同樣的資料來詮釋《顏氏家訓‧音辭篇》裡的「南染吳越」。第 3 節給南朝的兩種方言畫了一個譜系樹，用以說明東晉南朝之吳語在西漢從古漢語分支出來，南渡北語在西晉末年從古漢語分支出來。

The first part of this paper tries to show that the “Wu dialect” (吳語 Wuyu) of the Southern dynasties (420–589 A.D.) was the source of Modern Min dialects, a thesis first proposed by Ting Pang-Hsin (1988) and Jerry Norman (1983). Two types of new evidence are presented. First, in the 孔雀王咒經 (Maham×yūrī) (Taisho Tripitika, No.984) translated into Chinese by the Cambodian monk Sanghabhara (460–524 A.D.), the character 寒 han ‘cold (of weather)’ Middle Chinese Xan with the subscript Wuyin 吳音 “Wu pronunciation” transcribes the first syllable of Sanskrit Gandh×ra.