元音三維聲學空間與維漢韻母匹配

Three-dimensional Vowel Distance and Final Match in Uyghur-Chinese Contact

本文基於前人研究嘗試構建漢語、維吾爾語元音三維聲學空間，並對漢維元音三維空間距離進行量化處理；在此基礎上觀察漢語、維吾爾語接觸中韻母匹配過程及規則。研究發現，語言接觸中元音三維空間距離大小對韻母匹配具有制約作用，即維漢韻腹元音的匹配往往選擇三維空間距離最小的元音參與匹配，可稱之為空間距離原則 (SDP)；空間距離原則和類型調整原則(TAP) 是語言接觸中的兩個重要原則，具體適用中 TAP 原則先於 SDP 原則。

This article, based on previous studies on acoustic vowel spaces, allocates vowels of Chinese and Uyghur in one three-dimensional acoustic space and quantizes their spatial distances. The process and rules of Chinese-Uyghur finals’ matching are explored. It is found that the matching of finals in language contact is restricted by the acoustic spatial distances among related vowels, that is, the vowel pairs, which have the shortest spatial distances among Chinese and Uyghur vowels, are matched primarily. This is referred to as the “Spatial distance principle (SDP)”. SDP is an important principle, acting together with “Type-adjustment principle (TAP)” in language contact, though TAP applies before SDP.