被忽略的面向：四土嘉戎語的「東」與「西」

A Dimension Missed: East and West in Situ rGyalrong Orientation Marking

嘉戎語屬藏緬語族，分布於四川省西北山區。本文重新解析該語言的趨向系統。有鑑於前人的研究忽略了以太陽為依據的「東－－西」趨向範疇，本研究記錄了在嘉戎地區地理環境中嘉戎語指示趨向的實際情況，搭配嘉戎語其他方言及其他嘉戎語組語言的比較材料，並佐以跨語言的類型學觀察，證實「東－－西」趨向確實存在於嘉戎語中。同時，與前人分析相左之處，尤其是「上游－－下游」、「東－－西」對立交叉作用的相關問題，也有詳盡論述。

This paper reanalyzes the basic orientation system of rGyalrong, a Tibeto-Burman language of northwestern Sichuan. The fundamental solar orientation axis {east ↔ west}, overlooked in previous analyses, is vindicated here by actual linguistic usage in orienting oneself in the natural geographical settings of the rGyalrong country, comparative data from rGyalrong dialects and other rGyalrongic languages, and relevant cross-linguistic typological observation. Discrepancies between previous studies and the current one, especially the issues concerning the upstream-downstream opposition interacting with the solar contrast, are also elucidated.