涼山彝語的示證範疇

On Evidentiality in Nuosu Yi

本文對涼山彝語示證系統所包含的推測示證範疇和引語示證範疇進行了描寫，對這兩種示證範疇的語義以及它們共現時所表達的語義進行了分析。我們從語法化的角度對涼山彝語中引語示證範疇，話語動詞和直／間接引語之間的關係進行了討論。另外，我們發現涼山彝語中的兩個句法測試能幫助我們區分表示可能性的情態範疇和表示推測的示證範疇。

This paper delineates the evidential system of Nuosu Yi, which is found to be comprised of a reported evidential and an inferred evidential. We first describe the semantics of the two evidentials in Nuosu Yi and the interaction between them in terms of double evidential marking. Then we analyze the reported evidential by examining its relation to the verb of speech and (in)direct speech, and demonstrate how reported speech expressions give rise to the reported evidential. Finally, two syntactic tests are used to draw a clear-cut line between the epistemic modal and the inferred evidential in Nuosu Yi.