交換關係對於知識分享以及創造力影響之多層次研究：一個整合社會兩難困境與代理問題之分析

A Multi-level Investigation of the Effects of Social Exchange on Knowledge Sharing and Creativity: An Integrated Framework for Solving the Social Dilemma and Agency Problem

肇因於知識分享以及創造力具有社會兩難困境的特質，故如何能夠使團隊成員分享知識並保留在組織之內而產生延續性並提升成員創造力便為領導者所面臨的挑戰。本研究在理論上整合了社會兩難以及代理理論，並指出在不同的層次，組織所面臨的社會兩難並不一致，也引申出了不同的解決方案。本研究依代理問題，再提出知識分享的困境以及創造力的困境可以再細分為逆向選擇以及道德危機兩種情境，並指出依績效付酬以及組織正義是可行的途徑。我們並以交換關係做為引導成員產生知識分享以及創造力的主軸，並以層級線性模式進行研究。以期能為知識分享以及創造力提出更有力的見解。

This research plan adopts social dilemma perspective and agency problem, proposing a multi-level framework to examine the influences of LMX and TMX on knowledge sharing and creativity at different organizational levels. The research indicates that the problems of social dilemma and agency problem are not the same at different levels. Therefore, we propose pay for performance and organizational justice are viable ways to reduce the adverse selection and moral hazard caused by social dilemma and agency problem. Hierarchical linear regression analysis is a best suited way to fulfill this research since we deal with variables at both individual and group levels. We believe that our research can provide new and insightful findings in both knowledge sharing and creativity.