台灣農產品救助政策與進口救濟制度運用之效益分析

Cost and Benefit Analysis of the Applications of Taiwan’s Agricultural Import Relief and Safeguards System

本文藉由檢視我國加入WTO 對農業之影響及因應對策，並就產業調整對策中有關「加強受進口損害救濟、救助措施」一項作為研討的主體。換言之，即在符合WTO 協定架構下，就農產品受進口損害所能採行的進口救濟措施（邊境措施）及農產品救助措施（境內措施）兩項因應對策加以研究比較分析，以WTO 架構下可採行之「農業特別防衛條款之引用」、「進口救濟案件之發動」、「反傾銷或平衡措施之採行」及「產業調整計畫之運用」等實證研究進行政策檢討，並以COMPAS 模型進行經濟福利效果之實證比較分析，以期一旦發生農產品受進口損害的狀況時，能作為有效因應之決策參考。

This paper attempts to review the impact of Taiwan’s accession tothe WTO upon agricultural industry and its countermeasures. “Thestrengthening of various safeguard measures and the provision of importrelief measures”, one of the industrial adjustment policies, is selected asthe main subject of this paper. Comparison analysis is made between tworemedy measures available for agricultural products harmed by imports,i.e. Import Relief System (border measure) and Agricultural ProductsImport Damage Relief Fund (domestic measure), both in accordance withWTO rules. Policies review is made through empirical studies of thesemeasures, and their cost/benefit is analyzed by COMPAS model. It isexpected that this paper could be a reference for effective governmentdecision-making once agricultural industry is harmed by imports.