協助一位主要照顧者降低壓力源之護理經驗

Experience Helping a Caregiver Reduce Stressors

本篇個案報告在於分享運用Neuman系統性模式，探討一位頭部外傷病患之主要照顧者壓力源，並協助其降低壓力源照護過程。護理期間自97年11月4日至98年1月7日。筆者於加護病房單位藉由Neuman系統性模式觀察、會談方式收集資料，分析歸納出個案有焦慮、照顧者角色緊張及家庭運作過程改變等護理問題。針對每一個壓力源，與個案在互信的基礎上提供實質性的幫忙與個別性的護理措施，幫助個案熟練照顧技巧，面對壓力並學會調適而降低焦慮，讓個案能有信心與把握去照顧案女，同時運用醫院內資源及家庭外在的資源，幫助個案解決問題及家庭運作危機，讓整個家庭運作回到軌道上。

This case report shares a nursing experience assisting a caregiver of a patient with a head injury to reduce her stressors. The period of care ran from November 4 to January 7, 2008. The author collected subjective and objective data through observations and interviews with the caregiver using the Neuman systemic model in a hospital intensive care unit. Data was analyzed to identify key healthcare problems, which included anxiety, caregiver role strain and changes in family dynamics. The stressors involved in each were applied to the above nursing problems in order to deliver individualized nursing care to the caregiver based on mutual trust. Such transferred care skills, taught the caregiver how to face main stressors, decreased anxiety, and helped the caregiver build up her confidence and ability to take care of her daughter. Such was complemented by leveraging hospital and external resources, which helped the caregiver solve problems and improve family dynamics during the crisis. The approach helped the entire family adjust and reorient.