青少年空手道選手男女及左右腳動態平衡能力之比較

Comparison of the Dynamic Balance between the Dominant and Non-dominant Leg in Male and Female Karate Athletes

本研究目的在利用星狀偏移平衡測驗（Star excursion balance test, SEBT）評估空于道選手下肢動態平衡能力，並分別比較性別與左右腳之間的差異。研究對象為青少年空于道選手男生17位（15.5±1.2歲）及女生17位（15.2±1.6歲），以SEBT方法分別測量選手以左腳和右腳支撐時，對側腳在正前（A）、後內側（PM）與後外側（PL）三個方向最長延伸距離，每個方向測量三次取平均值，再除以腿長得標準化比值，比值越高，代表支撐腳的動態平衡控制能力越好。數據以SPSS18.0進行統計分析，利用二因子混合設計變異數分析分別檢驗男女以及左右腳在三個方向的標準化比值是否有交互作用，再以成對樣本T檢定檢驗左右腳之間差異是否顯著，顯著水準定為α=.05。結果顯示青少年空于道選手的動態平衡能力與性別之間的差異不顯著。此外，男女選手的慣用腳與非慣用腳間動態平衡能力也無顯著差異，這一點和足球、跆拳道等踢擊類運動項目選手明顯不同，他們的非慣用腳平衡能力往往優於慣用腳。推測空于道選手左右腳動態平衡沒有差異的原因，可能與動作模式有關。

The star excursion balance test (SEBT) is a unilateral balance task commonly used for evaluating the dynamic balance of athletes. This study examined the SEBT performance of karate athletes, with aims to compare the difference between two legs and gender. 17 male (15.7±1.6 years) and 17 female (15.9±1.5 years) adolescent karate athlete were recruited. The anterior (A), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) SEBT reach distances were measured bilaterally, and then normalized by to leg length. The data were compared by using mixed-design two-way ANOVA and paired T-test. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all analyses. The results showed the normalized reach distances of A, PM and PL in the karate athletes were not different between genders. Also, the SEBT performances of the dominant and non-dominant legs were not different both in males and females. Non-dominant leg of athletes that familiar with kicking, such as soccer and taekwondo, often balance better than the dominant leg. The karate athletes, although familiar with kicking too, show no difference of dynamic balance between two legs. Differences of motor and training pattern between karate and taekwondo are discussed.