從漢語史觀點看「解」的音義和語法性質

The Forms and Meaning of the Word「解」JIE: A Historical Perspective

本文利用語義徵性的分析，說明「解」語義發展的實質內涵。早在先秦，「解」已經有多種用法，而「分解」是最早的核心語義。由此出發，受修辭比喻手法運用、論元性質改變等因素影響，語義內涵產生了變化，後來句法結構的改變又使「解」由動詞變成助動詞。作為助動詞而言，又因是否表能力或可能性的不同，而有三類不同的用法。

The semantic developments of the word「解」JIE is reconstructed in this paper by analyzing the semantic features of different forms of the same word. It points out that, as early as Pre-Chin period,「解」JIE had been a word with different kinds of meanings among which「分解」‘to dissolve’ was the kernel. The using of metaphor in rhetoric and the change of argument structure in syntax, however, lead the verb changed gradually into an auxiliary. It also indicates that, being an auxiliary,「解」JIE could express at least three kind of modalities based on the degrees of subjectivity and grammaticality.