市售小塑膠瓶裝飲料容器之安全性評估

SAFETY EVALUATION OF SMALL PLASTIC—BOTTLES FOR BEVERAGE

目前市面上國內製造盛裝飲料（如豆漿、米漿、冬瓜茶、青草茶等）的小塑膠瓶，其材質為聚丙烯（Polypropylene, PP），因其內容物之pH值在4.6以上，屬於低酸性食品，易造成食品敗壞，所以若要在室溫下儲藏、販售，必須採用較嚴苛的加熱殺菌條件。由於盛裝此類產品之塑膠容器於高溫高壓下與食品直接接觸，恐造成食品衛生安全上的問題。故本計畫與各縣市衛生局配合至各縣市之小塑膠瓶裝飲料工廠抽驗供各類飲料用之塑膠容器27件，進行衛生安全調查，結果均符合衛生安全標準。材質試驗：鉛及鎘均未檢出，溶出試驗：水浸出液之高錳鉀消耗量0.3-2.7ppm，蒸發殘渣1.0-6.0ppm；4%醋酸之蒸發殘渣1.0-5.0 ppm，重金屬均為1ppm以下。另至兩家飲料製造工廠實際依照產品製造程序進行試驗，結果亦符合衛生安全標準。其溶出試驗：水浸出液之高錳鉀消耗量0.2及0.3ppm，蒸發殘渣均為2.0 ppm；4%醋酸之蒸發殘渣1.0及2.0ppm，重金屬均為1ppm以下。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sanitary status and safety of beverage packages. From July 1995 to June 1996 a total of 29 samples including 2 samples which were sterilized in 2 beverage manufacturing industries, were examined. The materials of these plastic bottles are polypropylene (PP). The results showed that the contents of lead, cadmium and heavy metals (as Pb)were below the hygienic limitation; the consumption of potassium permanganate were between 0.2-2.7 ppm for water leaching test; the residues on evaporation were between 1.0-6.0 ppm and 1.0-5.0 ppm for water and 4% acetic acid leaching test. Twenty-nine samples were all found to comply with the hygienic standard for food utensils, containers and packages.