生殖科技治療受孕婦女孕期所執行之母性工作

The Maternal Tasks of Pregnant Women who conceived Under Assisted Reproduction Treatment

本研究的目的在探討接受生殖科技治療受孕婦女孕期之母性工作及其所運用的方法。本研究以田野研究法，對接受人工生殖科技治療（包括IVF、GIFT）受孕之婦女進行長期追蹤；在每位個案孕期第四週，確知其受孕開始，至住院生產止各約九個月，研究者為個案之主護護理師，一面護理個案，一面收集資料，對每位個案會談各約十六次，並將會談內容寫成行為過程紀錄，再經由內容分析法加以分析歸類出個案之母性工作。本研究發現，個案在孕期所執行之母性工作包括：（1）確保自己能順利正常生下胎兒；個案常以保留有關的吉祥徵象、排除不祥經驗、收集資料、安排就醫場所、接受醫療活動、決定生產方式等方式達成。（2）確定家人接納自己為正常的懷孕過程；個案們常以孤立自我、選擇性發佈或遮掩其懷孕的訊息等方式達成。（3）對胎兒的認同；個案常以收集資料、進行胎教、選擇性發佈或遮掩其懷孕的訊息等方式達成。（4）付出自己；個案常以減少社交活動、放棄原有喜好、重新安排工作甚至辭掉工作、忍受身體的不適、改變飲食習慣等方式達成。本研究與Rubin（1984）及Stainton等（1992）有類似之發現，但本研究個案更關注胎兒的存在、生長與正常。本研究結果可供此類婦女產前護理照顧之依據。

The purpose of this study was to explore the maternal tasks of the pregnant women who conceived under the treatment of assisted reproduction. This was a longitudinal field study. The researcher was the primary nurse in the cases. While taking care of the cases, the researcher was also collecting data. Data was collected for nine months from the fourth week of the pregnancy to the delivery time. The data was recorded into “process recording”, and then analyzed with content analysis. The finding revealed that the pregnant women under assisted reproductive treatment worked on the same developmental tasks as described by Rubin 1984, and Stainton 1992. However, these tasks were altered by the uncertainty over the existence of the fetus, developed and was normal or not. The case’s maternal tasks involved: (1) make sure that they could deliver normal children, (2) assurance that the family would accept the normal pregnancy process, (3) binding to the fetus and (4) giving of oneself.