目標導向與創新行為──自我效能的中介角色與集權化的調節角色

Goal Orientation and Creative Behavior: Mediating Role of Self-efficacy and Moderating Role of Centralization

本研究旨在檢視目標導向對自我效能的影響，以及員工的自我效能是否能否提升其創新行為，同時檢視團隊層次集權化能否會對目標導向與創新行為產生調節效果。研究資料來自台灣中部地區清潔隊之204位員工隸屬於51組工作團隊。迴歸分析結果顯示，團隊成員的學習目標導向與績效證明導向分別會正向影響自我效能，進而增強創新行為；又階層線性模式分析結果顯示，學習目標導向與績效證明導向兩者分別對創新行為間之關係皆受到團隊集權化的調節，並強化兩變數之間的正向關係；而績效規避導向者與創新行為之間的關係則受到團隊集權化之調節，並削弱了兩變數間負向關係，即指團隊集權化的「抑制」邊界條件能激發目標導向與創新行為的連結。當高集權化時，強化了學習目標導向與績效證明導向對創新行為的影響；低集權化時，則弱化了績效趨避導向對創新行為的影響。

The present study examined whether self-efficacy and learning and, performance-approach goal orientation, respectively, correlated positively with creative behavior, and whether self-efficacy and performance-avoidance goal orientation correlated negatively with creative behavior, and also examined centralization moderated the relationship of goal orientation and creative behavior. Data were collected from 204 employees in 51 teams at cleaning squad of local government in middle Taiwan. Results indicated learning and performance-approach goal orientation, respectively, was positively related to self-efficacy, which in turn increase the likelihood of their creative behavior. HLM results indicated that the centralization produces a moderating effect over the relationship between learning and performance-approach goal orientation, respectively, and creative behavior so that the positive correlation between the two variables, respectively, is increased; it also shows that the centralization produces a moderating effect over the relationship between performance-avoidance goal orientation and creative behavior so that the positive correlation between the two variables is decreased. Both learning and performance-approach goal orientations had, respectively, stronger positive relationships with creative behavior under high centralization. A performance-avoidance goal orientation was weaker negative related to creative behavior under high centralization, that is, the team context with ＂not necessarily bad＂ inhibition stimulates the link between goal orientations and creative behavior.