永久性腸造口病人的心理社會行為反應與需要之初探

A Preliminary Study on the Psychosocial Behaviors and Needs of the Permanent Colostomy Patients

本研究之主要目的是欲瞭解直腸癌病人接受永久性腸造口手術後，在心理社會方面常出現之行為反應與需要，並探討腸造口病人之基本屬性及人格特質對其心理社會行為反應與需要之影響，以及腸造口病人之心理社會行為反應與需要之間的關係。研究者採用問卷調查法，於台北市五家醫院訪談了55為罹患直腸癌且已接受永久性腸造口手術之住院病人。所得資料經由統計分析處理後，得到以下的研究結果：（一）腸造口病人在心理社會方面最常出現之行為反應為「我認為這一切都是命運的安排」。（二）腸造口病人在心理社會方面之行為反應不因病人人格特質的不同而有所差異，但會因其年齡層的不同、有無職業、有無醫療保險以及手術後時間長短的不同而有差異。（三）腸造口病人最常出現之心理社會需要為「我希望知道手術後對我病情改善的情形」。（四）腸造口病人之心理社會需要不因病人人格特質的不同而有差異，但會因其年齡層的不同、教育程度的不同、有無宗教信仰、有無職業以及手術後時間長短的不同而有差異。（五）出現較多認知反應之腸造口病人對愛與歸屬感的需要程度較高；出現較多重建反應之腸造口病人對社交娛樂的需要程度較高。

The main purpose of this preliminary study is to explore the psychosocial behaviors and needs of the permanent colostomy patients, the relationships between the behaviors and needs, and the related factors. This study was predicted in a survey design by questionnaires with 55 subjects included. The data was analyzed by SPSS. The major findings of this study were as followed: (1) The psychosocial behavior of “I think everything is predestined” is the most common reaction. (2) The psychosocial behaviors vary with the patient’s age, job, insurance, and the days after the operation. (3) The psychosocial need of “To know the prognosis” is the most needed one. (4) The psychosocial needs vary with the patient’s age, religion, job, and the days after the operation. (5) The more acknowledgment responses the patient elicits, the more love and feeding belonging of he requires. The more reconstruction responses the patient elicits, the more social entertainment he requires.