論武術中的「圓」

Study of the “Rounding” in Chinese Martial Arts

從明代以來的武術相關文獻中所立論的觀念，可以證明「圓」是武術既有的核心之一。而發展至今的武術運動，更將「圓」應用於動作變化之中；以平圓和立圓等形式為武術的手眼身步法提供更多樣的內容。因此在武術的教學中，「圓」的概念與應用的教學，是應當與「形」、「勁」的教學相提並論的，「形」、「勁」、「圓」應該同是密不可分且須三線同步教授的武術元素，如此方能使武術的運動原理更易於讓學習者有較全面的了解。本文先從攻防意識推敲出武術「圓」的概念與應用，進而闡釋武術的「圓」應從手法開始教學的理由，最後介紹以「圓」的手法為主的初學者學習教材，以利日後武術「形」、「勁」、「圓」三線同步教學的參考。

The concepts that have originated from the documents about the Chinese martial arts since Ming Dynasty can prove the ”Rounding” is a part of the core of the martial arts. What's more, people have applied the concept of ”Rounding” to the action in the recent martial art sports developing for lone time. For example, Parallel Rounding and Vertical Rounding provide a variety of contents with the Hand Techniques, the Eye Techniques, the Body Techniques, and the Foot Work in Chinese martial arts. Therefore, in the teaching of martial arts, ”Rounding” should be mentioned in the same breath with Positions and Methods of Power. The concepts of Positions, Methods of Power, and Rounding are the important elements, which should be taught simultaneously. In this way, it makes the students easier to understand completely the sport principle of martial arts much more. First, the study gets the concept and the application of ”Rounding” from the conscious of the attack and defense in the Chinese martial arts; furthermore, clearly explains the reasons why begin teaching the ”Rounding” from the Hand Techniques in martial arts. Finally, it introduces the training materials about ”Rounding” to the beginners, and it is beneficial to be the reference about the simultaneously teaching of Positions, Methods of Power, and Rounding in the future.