靈樞版本源流簡述

Study on the Various Editions and Bibliology of Ling-Shu

中醫原典是臨床上游之指導；《靈樞》為中醫針灸指導圭臬。《靈樞》從漢代以來，多為醫家著述醫籍時所用，其於針灸學術領域影響極大，歷朝均有不少刊本暨寫本，然《靈樞》一書多名、卷數紛雜。《靈樞》先後共有《鍼經》、《九卷》、《九墟》、《九靈》、《靈樞》等五種書名。自762年唐王冰確定《靈樞》此一書名後，《靈樞》一詞定用至今。《靈樞》最初為九卷本，其後有十卷本，也有十二卷本，但以九卷本為主；《靈樞》流傳至北宋時殘缺不全，1093年，北宋官方將高麗進獻之《黃帝鍼經》刊行，而後該書散落於靖康之難期間；1155年，南宋四川錦官人史崧進獻出家藏《靈樞》九卷本，並勒為二十四卷；元代刻書家又將其併為十二卷，明、清時期《靈樞》刊本多以十二卷為主。現今流傳《靈樞》多以十二卷本（元．胡氏古林書堂本與明．趙府居敬堂本）為主。孰悉《靈樞》版本源流，有助於閱覽古籍時，釐清、認識歷代針灸文獻之脈絡源流。

Studying ancient Chinese medical literature is the method of learning traditional Chinese medicine; carefully study these literature can be useful in clinical practice. The Chinese medical literature ＂Huáng-Dì Nèi-Jìng,＂ also known as ＂the Inner Canon of Huang-Di＂ or ＂Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon,＂ is an ancient text that has been treated as the fundamental doctrinal source for traditional Chinese medicine for more than two millennia. ＂Huáng-Dì Nèi-Jìng＂ is composed of two texts and each of eighty-one treatises in a question-answer format between the mythical Huang-Di (Yellow Emperor) and six of his equally legendary ministers. The first text, Su-Wen (Basic Questions, or Plain Questions) covers the yin-yang theory with the theoretical foundation of traditional Chinese Medicine and its diagnostic methods. The second text, Ling-Shu (Spiritual Pivot) discusses acupunctural theory and therapy in great detail. From the Han dynasty, Ling-Shu (Spiritual Pivot) has also been named as ＂Zhen-Jing,＂ ＂Jiu-Juan,＂ ＂Jiu- Hsu,＂ ＂Jiu-Ling,＂ et cetera. It was made up of nine volumes and merged into eighteen volumes with Su-Wen. But Ling-Shu disappeared mostly in the beginning of the Northern Song dynasty until 1093 A.D. the Chinese government published ＂the Yellow Emperor's Zhen-Jing＂ from Korea. This edition was rapidly spread in the southern part of the country. In the Ming and Qing dynasty, Ling-Shu was popularized widely in society. At first, Ling-Shu has nine volumes, latterly, it has ten or twelve volumes, but it was mainly nine volumes. And then it was divided into twenty-four volumes. But twenty-four volumes merged into twelve volumes in the Yuan dynasty. Therefore, it was mainly twelve volumes in the Ming and Qing dynasty from then on. To work with Ling-Shu, offers a better understanding of ancient and medieval traditional Chinese medicine as well as acupuncture.