探討雨水花園於永續校園中之發展──可行性評估與校園空間型態之關係

Exploring the Development of Rain Gardens in A Sustainable Campus: The Correlation between Feasibility Assessments and Spatial Types of Campus

自工業革命後，都市化現象對於水系生態系統和功能具有顯著的負面影響，包括減少透水表面積並增加洪水頻率、都市水汙染等。雨水花園，也稱做生物滯留區，已經被推薦為減少都市地區中汙染源的最佳處理方法，不僅可以達到減少地表逕流、降低淹水並對水質淨化具有舉足輕重的影響。因此，本研究以台中東海大學做為研究範圍，若能透過雨水花園改善現有校園環境並結合綠色校園對附近河川及自然環境上的影響程度上有其重要性。擬達成以下研究目的：1.獲得於東海校園設置雨水花園時，不同空間屬性與設置可行性的關聯性；2.獲得設置雨水花園於東海大學的各項可行性評估因子之間的差異性。本研究之結果可作為後續東海大學設置雨水花園時可優先於「宿舍區」做為設置雨水花園的優先場所，可有效降低生活汙水中的化學物質後再排入地下排水道，大幅度降低對附近河川的生態汙染。第二優先設置雨水花園的場所為「教學區」，扮演教育的功能，透過有別於下水道的開放露天的設計，讓學生對都市硬鋪面、雨水徑流、和生態環境的關係有更進一步的認識，之後推廣至學校各區域。

Since the industrial revolution, urbanization has been bringing criticalnegative impacts on water ecology and its functions, resulting in decreasingporous surfaces as well as increasing flood frequencies and urban waterpollution. Rain gardens, also known as bioretention areas, arerecommended as the best method to reducing urban pollution, not only itimprove water quality but also bring decisive results in decreasing surfacerunoff and floods. Thus, this study aimed at Taichung Tunghai University asits research area. Creating a better campus environment through raingardens and connecting the green campus to surrounding river and naturesystems can bring significant impacts. Therefore, the purposes of thisresearch are to (1) gain correlation between different space attributes andthe feasibility of installing rain gardens on the campus of TunghaiUniversity's; (2) gain differentiation of various feasibility factors of installingrain gardens on the campus of Tunghai University. The results of this studyconclude that the dormitory area should be the priority area to install raingardens on the campus of Tunghai University, it not only can reducechemical substances in domestic wastewater before being discharged intothe underground drainage systems but also can highly reduce the impact ofecological pollution of nearby rivers. The second priority is the teachingarea, where an open air design instead of an underground system, can bringeducational means, allowing for students to better understand theconnections between ecological environments, urban hardscapes, andrainwater runoffs. The two areas referred above can be prioritized as demonstrative areas, through observing its construction processes, resultsand benefits, establishing its advantages and feasibility, the system can thenbe further extended to other areas of the campus.