運用懷舊照片探索一位眷村老年婦女之生命經驗

Exploration of Life Experiences of an Aged Woman in a Military Housing Community through Reminiscing on Photos

懷舊治療是透過老人的回憶活動去體驗懷念過去生活的片段，以促使其達到自我療癒的目標。本質性研究個案為一位70歲婦女，曾居住眷村達40年之久。訪談採半結構問句，以逐字稿的方式將資料文本化，分析方式採用懷舊古物、人生縱向及橫向三個主軸方式進行。在懷舊古物方面，依照個案選擇其喜好及有意義的古物進行統整分析；在人生縱向方面，以人類發展階段，孩童期、青年期、成年期、和老年期，來探索個案人生所經歷的事件，主題包括禮教和父權、婚姻、經濟生活、和獨居孤單；在橫向方面，針對個案生命中特殊的事件進行深入描述，主題包括罹病與死亡、黨部的服務、婦女的服務、及醫療貢獻。經過個別性的懷舊照片欣賞過程，引發一位眷村老年婦女分享其人生中所經歷的故事，期許其能夠統合自己的人生經驗，並肯定其生命之意義、價值、與貢獻。

Reminiscence therapy helps elders recall memories of old times through activities designed to achieve self-healing. The qualitative case in this research was a 70 year-old woman who had lived in a military village for 40 years. Semi-structured questionnaires were used for the interview and data was recorded and transcribed word for word. Analytical methods used the three major patterns of reminiscing over objects, vertical and horizontal life. In reminiscing over objects, the author performed interconnected analysis using selected objects that were beloved and/or had special meaning to the subject. In the perspective of vertical life, the author explored the subject's life experiences through each life stage (childhood, adolescence, middle age, and aged). Themes examined included the Confucian ethical code and patriarch, marriage, economic life, and living alone with loneliness. In the perspective of horizontal life, the author described and analyzed special events in the subject's life, including themes of illness and death, serving in the KMT (Kuomintang) political party and women's organizations, and the contribution of medical treatment. Life experience stories from the subject's four decades living in a military housing community was shared through personal photos. Such a process was targeted to help integrate the life experience of an aged woman in a military housing community and confirm the meaning, value, and contribution of her own life.