接受機械性人工心瓣膜置換術病人出院後一個月身心反應、自我照顧行為及其相關因素之探討

A Study of Psychosomatic Reactions, Self-care, and Related Factors of Post-OP Mechanical Valve Replacement Patients One Month Later

本研究採立意取樣法，以會談及問卷法調查追蹤自民國81年10月至82年4月35位18-75歲接受機械性人工心瓣膜置換術出院後一個月的病人。本研究的目的在瞭解這些病人的身心反應、自我照顧行為及探討個人因素、健康知識、親友支持、與身心反應、自我照顧行為的相關性。研究發現：病人每人至少有一項症狀，平均每人出現4.8個症狀，最明顯的症狀為傷口痛、疲倦虛弱、失眠及咳嗽；心理反應輕度困擾（0.18／3）。病人的自我照顧行為中，以飲食攝取及服藥遵從行為較多。病人的健康知識方面，對飲食和疾病瞭解較多。身體反應與心理反應之間、健康知識與自我照顧行為之間均呈正相關，身體反應與健康知識之間呈負相關。尤結果可知，在臨床照顧中，宜於病人住院期間加強自我照顧的知識及方法尤其在活動及觀察確認身體異常現象的知識及方法。

Psychosomatic reactions, self-care and related factors of 35 post-up patients (18-75 years old) one month after receiving mechanical valve replacement surgery in a medical center (from Oct. 1992 to April 1993) were studied by means of interview and questionnaire. The data was analyzed with the following results:1. The average of somatic reactions was 4.8. The most obvious reactions of these patients were pain, tiredness, weakness, insomnia and cough. 2. Their psychological reactions were mild psychological distress (scores 0.18/3) 3. Among the mentioned items of self-care, the most frequent were taking of food and drugs, Inconsidering the knowledge about health the patients knew more about their disease and diet. 4. Positive correlation between somatic reaction and psychological reaction, health knowledge and self-care behavior. Negative correlation between somatic reaction and health knowledge. According to these results, we should enhance patients’ knowledge of self-care, especially that about their activity and identifying of somatic reaction.