大專學生肥胖程度與健康因子相關性分析

Correlation Analysis between Level of Obesity and Health Factors among College Students

目的：肥胖已成為全球健康的一大隱憂，亦是造成慢性病與罹癌的主要因素，本研究希望藉由健康檢查之資料，分析宜蘭縣大專學生肥胖程度與各類健康因子之相關性，提醒中醫界對於慢性疾病的關注。方法：採取橫斷式問卷調查法，以方便取樣為原則，選取蘭陽地區某大專、大學學生BMI≧24者，191人為研究對象。問卷內容「基本資料調查表」以次數分配、百分比分析、平均值、標準差、獨立樣本t檢定、交叉表之卡方檢定、變異數分析等統計方法進行分析。結果：男生佔68.6%（131位），女生佔31.4%（60位），平均年齡21.0歲（SD=2.5），性別與肥胖指標（腰圍、腰臀比、體脂肪率），血液流體力學（收縮壓、舒張壓及脈搏壓、平均動脈壓）均達顯著差異。體脂肪率女生明顯高於男生，其他變項均為男生明顯高於女生。肥胖程度（過重、輕度肥胖、中度肥胖、重度肥胖）與腰圍、腰臀比、體脂肪率、血液流體力學以及性別皆呈顯著正相關。結論：隨著肥胖程度增加，腰圍、腰臀比、體脂肪率、收縮壓、舒張壓、脈搏壓以及平均動脈壓皆隨之上升，經由身體質量指數之（體重過重、輕度肥胖、中度肥胖、重度肥胖）肥胖等級皆是男生高於女生。

Objectives: Obesity became not just the global concern but as the main factor for causing chronic diseases and cancers. The study is to be a health check of the data and investigate the correlation between level of obesity and health factors among college students, reminding the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) community concern for chronic diseases. Methods: This study used the cross-sectional questionnaire survey with the convenience sampling method. The study objects were the 191 students, which BMI 24, from the colleges at the Yilan County. The data were collected in questionnaire include personal information on obesity. The analysis parameters include frequency distribution, analytic percents, means, standard deviations, independent-sample t-test, crosstab Chi-square test, and variances. Results: There were 68.6% male (131 persons) and 31.4% female (60 persons) with an average age at 21.0 (SD=2.5) in this study. The indexes of obesity (waist measurement, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage), Hemodynamics (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure) were all significant difference from gender. Above all the indexes, the indexes of male were all higher than female, except the body fat percentage, which of female is higher than those of male. The waist measurement, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, hemodynamics and gender were all positive correlation from the level of obesity (overweight:24 ≦ BMI ≦ 26.9, mild- obesity:27 ≦ BMI ≦ 29.9, moderate obesity: 30 ≦ BMI ≦ 34.9, and severe obesity:BMI ≧ 35) with significant difference. Conclusions: The waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure were all increased significantly while the level of obesity was increased. The male was all higher than female in the level of obesity that was consisted of overweight, mild obesity, moderate obesity and severe obesity.