男性護理人員執業發展現況之探討

The Development and Current Status of Men in the Nursing Profession

護理仍是以女性為主的職業。然而，隨著護理教育發展與健康照護服務模式之轉變，加上政府機關和民間團體大力推動性別平等教育與落實職場性別平等相關措施，使得男性護理人員亦被賦予重責，成為健康照護體系中不可或缺的重要力量。男性從事護理行業要擺脫傳統職業性別定型及框架確實不易，有關個人特性、職業角色與護理專業認同對其執業發展之影響，值得關注。本文透過文獻回顧探討影響男性護理人員執業發展現況，分析影響男性從事護理專業之阻礙，並歸納出有利於男性護理人員招募及留任之因素，以作為男性護理執業發展後續相關研究之參考。期待男性在跨領域、跨專業之醫護團隊運作中能創造多元價值，並能在護理專業環境中一展長才。

Nursing has been a quintessentially female-dominated occupation throughout much of its history. Today, educational developments, changes in healthcare service models and promotion of gender equality in education and employment have opened the doors to males to play increasingly important roles in the healthcare services as nursing professionals. The responsibilities of male nursing staff are expected to continue to increase. It remains difficult for male nurses to escape traditional gender stereotypes in nursing. The impact of personal characteristics, occupational roles, and professional identification in real practice are major issues of concern. This study reviewed relevant literature to identify factors of influence on male nursing staff professional practice. We hope this study can be a reference for future research on male nursing staff development, and that male nurses will increasingly create personal core values in a multi-discipline, cross-professional healthcare team, and exercise their abilities as a complement to female nurses.