門診失眠患者基本資料與匹茲堡睡眠品質量表的相關性研究

Correlation between Personal Demographics and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Outpatient of Insomnia

目的：失眠症為常見的睡眠困擾，國內有超過四分之一的人有睡眠障礙，其盛行率愈來愈高，嚴重影響身心健康及生活品質，匹茲堡睡眠品質指標量（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,簡稱PSQI）可以幫助醫師更正確的診斷和了解失眠的狀態，本研究乃針對失眠症患者進行PSQI評量，進一步調查是否與人口學資料、疾病狀況、家族病史、疾病治療等有所關聯，希望夠提供中西醫師臨床之參考。方法：本研究採取橫斷式問卷調查法，以方便取樣為原則，選取宜蘭縣某一區域教學醫院精神科門診，根據失眠症之診斷標準，篩選180位失眠症患者，進行問卷調查。結果：180位失眠症個案，女性118人（65.6％），男性62人（34.4％）；年齡22-80歲，平均年齡51.6歲（SD=13.4），以10歲為一組，則40-49歲有50人（27.8%），50-59歲有47人（26.1%）；每位個案平均使用2.5種藥物（SD=0.8），其中使用抗憂鬱劑類157人（87.2%），使用Benzodiazepine（BZD）156人（86.7%），使用Non-Benzodiazepine（Non-BZD）107人（59.4%）；曾接受或合併其他療法中者43人（23.9%）；CPSQI得分介於6-21分，平均值為12.9分（SD=3.8），得分在10-13分有69人（38.3%）為人數最多之組別，得分在18-21分其平均年齡為48.8歲（SD=11.0）為年紀最輕之組別；喝酒與睡眠品質差異分析具有顯著差異（p ＜ .05）。結論：有喝酒者其睡眠品質比沒有喝酒差，女性失眠困擾較男性嚴重，年齡層及族群可能對失眠症的主觀睡眠品質有所影響，以上與中醫失眠病因病機中飲食不節、內傷七情及體素盛、體素弱有相似之處。

Insomnia is a common sleep disturbance, there were more than a quarter of people with sleep disorders, the prevalence with more and higher, seriously affecting the health and quality of life. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, referred to as PSQI) can help physicians more accurately diagnose and understand the state of insomnia patients. The purpose of this study was investigated the correlation among the demographic data, disease status, family history, treatment and PSQI assessment, hoping enough traditional Chinese physician and Western physician's clinical reference. Methods: This study used the cross-sectional questionnaire survey with the convenience sampling method. Screened 180 patients according to the diagnostic criteria for insomnia and conducted a survey from the psychiatric outpatient department of regional teaching hospital in Yilan County. Results: 180 cases of insomnia with average age of 51.6 years old (SD = 13.4) from 22 to 80 years old that contained 118 females (65.6%) and 62 males (34.4%), with 10 years as a group, there were 50 cases (27.8%) between 40 and 49 years old, 47 cases (26.1%) between 50 and 59 years old. Each case taken average 2.5 kinds of drugs (SD = 0.8), in which there were 157 cases (87.2%) used of antidepressant drugs, 156 cases (86.7%) used of Benzodiazepine (BZD), 107 cases (59.4%) used of Non-Benzodiazepine (Non- BZD). There were 43 cases (23.9%) had received or in combination with other therapies. CPSQI scored from 6 to 21 points with the average value of 12.9 points (SD = 3.8), there were 69 cases (38.3%) scoring from 10 to 13 points that was the largest number of groups, the average age of 48.8 years old (SD = 11.0) of scoring from 18 to 21 points was the most light age of the group. There was significant difference with p ＜ .05 between drink and sleep quality in the analysis of variances. Conclusion: The sleep quality of people who drink worse than people that did not drink. The insomnia of female was more serious than male. Age and ethnic groups may have an impact on subjective sleep quality and insomnia. Above all the traditional Chinese medicine etiology and pathogenesis of insomnia were similarities in diet, impassioned internal injuries, body-sheen and body- weak.