多紀元簡針灸學術思想研究

Study on the Acupunctural Thoughts of 'GenkanTaki'

江戶時期（1603～1867），多紀元簡（1755～1811）在華夏諸醫家基礎上，選注《靈樞識》（1808年）。是書為現今研究針灸相當重要之參考書籍。多紀元簡用相當嚴謹的態度做了整理與對比校刊；其擅長內科，但整理針灸內容時並未將內科與針灸兩者理論體系混淆，漢醫多紀元簡將針灸外治與內科湯藥分界清楚，如同蘭醫的外科手術與內服藥物之別（當時日本已有許多醫家開始使用西洋傳入的荷蘭醫學手術與麻藥）；在諸家見解未能肯定，或可並存者，則以疑似口吻，曰『恐非』、『似是』、『可並存』；對於自己無力解釋整本《靈樞》，則採取綜觀全書篩選詞句作闡述，而非望文生義強解。現代科學做文獻回顧時所持之客觀態度，元簡在兩百年前就已採用，此點值得吾輩效法與深思。

In Edo period (1603-1867), kampo medical doctor Genkan Taki (1755-1811) selected various notes by Chinese acupuncture medical practitioners about ”Ling-Shu (Spiritual Pivot)” and then wrote ”Ling-Shu-Shi” in 1808. It was a very important reference for researchers in acupunctural field from then on. Genkan Taki did a good work on sorting and calibration on ”Ling-Shu” with a fairly rigorous attitude. Genkan Taki specialized in internal medicine, but he did not confuse the boundaries between the acupunctural medicine (external treatment method) and medicinal formula (internal medical decoction). At that time, there were many physicians in Japan started using Western incoming Dutch medicine: surgeries, anesthetic drugs and many theories; it was a big shock for Oriental doctors. Genkan Taki insisted on using the Chinese medical theories rather than Western medical theories. Genkan Taki wrote ”Ling-Shu-Shi” two hundred years ago and that book is worth reading when doing acupunctural research nowadays. This article describes the contents and influence of the ”Ling-Shu-Shi” as well as Genkan Taki's acupunctural thoughts.