健康素養的概念分析

Concept Analysis of Health Literacy

健康素養是近年來健康照護領域熱門的議題。民眾健康素養的高低對其健康結果具有相當的影響，然而國內多數的醫護人員對此概念卻仍不熟悉，故本文應用Walker及Avant概念分析的步驟介紹及分析健康素養，包括：概念的定義特徵、先決條件及後果。結果指出，健康素養的定義特徵為：1.個人與健康環境互動所需具備的能力；2.應用這些能力能獲得、理解、用以溝通以及評價健康訊息，作為合宜的健康決策及健康實踐的依據；3.個人能獲得最佳的健康狀況。先決條件為一般的識讀素養。健康素養的結果會造成健康知識、健康服務的使用率、整體或特殊的健康狀況…等的差異。期待經由此概念的澄清，有助於護理實務以及相關研究之品質提升。

Health literacy has risen to become one of the dominant issues in Taiwan's healthcare system today. Level of health literacy impacts upon public health outcomes. Nevertheless, healthcare professionals in Taiwan remain largely unfamiliar with the concept and importance of health literacy. This paper employs concept analysis as described by Walker & Avant to introduce and analyze the attributes, antecedents and consequences of health literacy. Defining attributes of health literacy include: 1. enabling an individual to function successfully in a healthcare context; 2. facilitating the obtaining, comprehending, communicating and evaluating of health information to make appropriate health decisions and conduct positive health practices; and 3. achieving a good health status. The antecedent of health literacy is literacy. Consequences of health literacy include differences in health outcomes such as health knowledge, use of healthcare services and health status. Hopefully, through concept analysis, findings can help promote nursing clinical practice and related research quality.