栝蔞薤白白酒湯藥物功效與白酒成分之文獻探討

A Review about the Herbal Functions and the Ingredient of Baijiu in Gualou Xiebai Baijiu Decoction

栝蔞薤白白酒湯源自於張仲景之著作《金匱要略》，為治療胸痺心痛的常用方劑之一。據藥理學研究顯示，栝蔞有擴張冠狀動脈及增加血流量的作用，能改善心肌游離脂肪酸代謝及抑制脂質過氧化以保護心肌，能擴張周邊微血管而降低血壓；此外，尚有抑制血小板聚集、降低心跳速率與心肌收縮力的功效。薤白則可用來治療粥狀動脈硬化及急性心肌缺血，並有抗凝血、降低心跳速率與心肌收縮力等功效。這兩味藥如果當成藥對共用，往往具有比單用更好的療效。至於本方中白酒的成分，究竟是酒或是醋目前尚無定論，由現代研究來看，兩者的說法均有其可能性，尚待進一步的研究證實。

Gualou Xiebai Baijiu Decoction, came from Jingui Yaolue, is one of the common used formulas in cardiovascular disease, such as ischemia, angina, and atherosclerosis and so on. According to the pharmacological research, Gualou (Trichosanthes kirilowii) can dilate coronary arteries, enhance blood flow, improve free fatty acid metabolism in cardiac muscle cell, inhibit lipid oxidation to protect the heart, dilate peripheral microvessel to reduce blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, lower the heart rate and reduce cardiac muscle concentration; Xiebai(Allium macrostemon) can be used as a therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis, anticoagulant, and as drugs to reduce heart rate, cardiac muscle concentration and acute ischemia. When we use Gualou and Xiebai together, there will be a synergistic effect which often functions better than using Gualou and Xiebai on their own. As for Baijiu in this formula, whether it is wine or vinegar is still a controversial issue because both wine and vinegar are reasonable according to recent researches. We need more investigation to answer this question.