論北魏太和新官制的淵源及其影響

On the Source of the New Official System of the Northern Wei Dynasty

北魏孝文帝於大和十七年（493）和大和二十二年兩次改定職令，創立了一套不同於北魏前期的新官制。這套新官制並不像史學界一般所認為的是模仿南朝制度，它是以漢魏西晉、尤其是西晉官制為藍本，而又加以發展創造而建立的，它與南朝官制差別甚大、幾無關涉，並非南朝降人王肅所立。大和新官制影響深遠，它基本上被西魏以及東魏、北齊所繼承，而晴朝官制又主要源自西魏以及六官制度，所以也可以說，大和新官制是晴唐官制的主要淵源。

Emperor Xiaowen 孝文 of the Northern Wei dynasty (Beiwei 北魏) constructed a new official system different from earlier Northern Wei emperors. This system was not a mere copy of the official system of the Southern dynasties, as many historians have argued. It originated from the official systems of the Han 漢, Wei 魏, and Western Jin (Xijin 西晉) dynasties, especially the latter, and was very different from the official system of the Southern dynasties. Its influences were far-reaching, and it was the source of the official system of the Sui 隋 and Tang 唐 dynasties.