急診護理新趨勢：災難護理的發展——以成大醫院為例

New Trends in Emergency Nursing: Disaster Nursing at National Cheng Kung University Hospital

近年來全球各地發生許多重大的天然或人為災難事件，造成無數生命傷亡、財物損失、後續的公共衛生及心理重建的問題。急診護理人員因其專業特質，常是第一個到災難現場協助的醫療人員，故災難事件緊急應變處理能力，已成為必備的重點能力。災難護理的準備與訓練為一時代趨勢，護理人員平時便需學習因應各種不同災難情境的基本知識和技能，充分做好事前準備、能夠隨時反應及處理危機，展現重要的角色功能及適應力。本文敘述災難護理的相關概念，以及災難護理應具備之知識及技能，提出筆者工作之醫學中心急診護理人員災難護理培訓過程，主要重點為災難相關課程訓練，實務訓練，以及護理主管人力調派之原則，供災難護理教育或政策制定之參考。

Disasters, natural and manmade, devastate individuals and society through severe injury, death, property damage, public health problems, and later psychological issues. Emergency nurses are often the first professionals to arrive at the scene of a disaster incident. As such, they must be equipped with knowledge and skills related to disaster management. Training for disaster preparedness has become an important trend for emergency nurses in order to respond immediately to various disasters and to crisis management needs. The purposes of this article were to (1) describe concepts, knowledge and skills related to disaster nursing and (2) describe the disaster nursing experience and training content / protocol of emergency nurses working at the National Cheng Kung University Hospital in Taiwan. Issues related to training, work assignments, practical training, and staff management are also discussed.