護理專業應致力提升的人文素養

The Spirit of Humanism Should Be Cultivated in the Nursing Profession

護理是一門藝術，強調關懷照護的本質，本應具有人文的屬性，護理專業的人文教育強調以人為中心，其旨在培育護理人員的人文素養，使其在醫療情境中，實踐護理人文關懷的涵養與精神，成為具有人文關懷的護理人員。所謂人文素養指的是護理人員個人在感性層面的情意體驗，融合人文學科與藝術美學的經驗，增進護理人員的敏銳觀察能力，經由自我覺察與反思，促發護理人員內在深層的同理表現，期能實踐護理人員人性關懷行為表現的理想。傳統的護理教育著重於專業知識的發展，忽略人文精神的培養，為協助護理人員因應變遷的醫療環境，展現專業人性化的關懷照護本質，除了倡導醫療環境人性化外，推動護理人文教育，以6E（Example, Explanation, Exhortation, Environment, Experience, Expectation）為培養人文素養教學策略的架構，深化護理教育的人文內涵，才能深植人文關懷精神於專業照護，促使護理照護過程更人性化。

As nursing is an art that emphasizes the nature of caring it should have humanistic attributes. Humanistic education of a nursing professional should emphasize a person-centered perspective in order to foster cultivation of the humanities and infuse the spirit of humane care into medical practice. Cultivation of humanism refers to the emotional level of personal-affective experience that blends humanistic science and aesthetic experience to enhance nurse observational abilities. The ability generated by self-awareness and reflection can trigger deep empathy and empathetic performance, which is ideal humanistic-nursing behavior in nursing staff. Traditional nursing education focuses on acquiring professional knowledge and largely ignores the cultivation of a humanist spirit. To help nurses adjust to the rapidly changing environment of nursing care and demonstrate a professional and humane character, in addition to advocating for a humane medical environment, the six Es of humanistic-nursing education (Example, Explanation, Exhortation, Environment, Experience, Expectation) should be promoted. The six Es are essential to building a framework to cultivate humanistic education strategies and strengthen humanist content in nursing education. In order to instill deeply the spirit of humanistic care in nursing and make the nursing-care process more humane, these ideals must be emphasized in nursing education to raise the level of humanism.