青少女健康議題與預防性策略

Health Issues and Preventive Health Strategies for Adolescent Girls

青少女是一群在健康需求與促進有獨特需要的特定群體。本文以我國青少女健康問題為主軸，針對其身體、心理層面的健康議題進行探討，並進一步提出預防性的策略建言。經由彙整文獻，其生理層面文以體重、身體活動、月經與性知識態度等健康議題為主，心理社會層面則以焦慮與憂鬱等健康問題為主，並涉及人際互動到自殺等範疇。本文除對青少女的相關健康議題做一系統性的文獻整合，並提出四個預防性策略以供產官學界之參考，包含加強健康教育與善用大眾媒體傳遞正確健康訊息，維護少女健康單位的自我培訓，訂定健康行為指標以建構健康相關行為監測系統，以及護理界對青少女健康議題的積極投入，期待能喚起各界對台灣青少女健康的重視。

As adolescent girls have specific healthcare needs, this paper was designed to provide a better understanding of their healthcare needs in both physical and psychosocial terms. After conducting a targeted review of the literature on children and adolescents, we identified factors of importance to physical health as body weight, physical activity, menstruation, sexual knowledge and attitude and to psychosocial health as anxiety, interpersonal relationships, depression, and suicide behavior. Reflecting these factors, this paper presents four preventive suggestions to clinical practice, education, and research to facilitate improvements in adolescent girl’s health. These suggestions include: 1) strengthening health education and media responsibility with regard to adolescent girl health; 2) improving awareness of the needs of adolescent girls within healthcare and education organizations; 3) making health guidelines for promoting proper health behavior in adolescent girls; and 4) mobilizing nurses to assert the health of adolescent girls in clinical, education, and research fields. This is the first paper that focuses on the health needs of adolescent Taiwanese girls. The authors hope that more people become involved in the care of adolescent girl's health in Taiwan.