先天性心臟病學童手術後生活適應之探討

Life Adjustment of School-Aged Children with Congenital Heart Disease After Corrective Surgery

本研究旨在瞭解先天性心臟病學童（病童）手術後生活適應之情形。藉由橫斷式敘述性的相關研究設計，本研究以台北縣、市51位10至12歲完全矯正手術後之病童為研究對象，採用結構性問卷進行家庭訪視。結果發現：病童手術後之生活適應中以社會適應最差，且與就讀年級、父（母）之職業等級及過度保護態度、接受心臟完全矯正手術之時期及目前健康狀況等變項有關；因此，本研究建議成立先天性心臟病之臨床專科護理師，加強病童、家庭、醫院及學校之持續溝通與全面聯繫，以促進病童手術後之生活適應。

A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted to investigate the adjustment of school-aged children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who had undergone corrective cardiac surgery. Fifty-one fourth to sixth grade students whose CHD were corrected by surgery at least six months earlier and their parents participated in the study. Data were collected from structured questionnaires by the children and their parents. The results showed that social adjustment was the most affected by CHD among all the adjustment subscales. The adjustment was significantly associated with grade level, parental occupational level, parental over-protection, age at repair of CHD and their health status. In conclusion, the findings provide a framework for better understanding of factors contributing to the increased risk of maladjustment for children with CHD and emphasize the importance of the role of specialists in providing continuity of care for children, their families and schools.