探討互動機制、模糊性與雙鏈系絡因素對知識移轉績效影響之研究：一整合性架構與實證研究

The Effects of Interaction Mechanism, Ambiguity and Dyad context On Knowledge transfer Performance: An Integrated Framework and Empirical Study

隨著知識經濟時代的來臨、資訊科技的發達與市場結構的改變，在市場競爭日趨激烈下，使得企業需要不斷地吸取新知識與新技術，這對企業而言是一大挑戰。然而，礙於資源與能力有限的情況下，廠商紛紛向外尋求合作，藉由移轉外在組織的知識（技術）來滿足所需，以取得所需資源、減少風險與保持競爭優勢。在過去許多探討影響知識移轉因子之研究上，在構念間與其定義還是存有些許模糊性、也較少致力於探討互動機制與雙鏈系絡因素的驅動因子之影響。因此，本研究將納入互動機制、模糊性與雙鏈系絡因素為組織知識移轉的中介因子並整合許多學者觀點，萃取其前因因子，建構一更具整合性的創新架構，以作為企業對外進行策略合作上的參考。此外，本研究針對新竹、台中與台南科學園區內之廠商作為本研究調查對象，共發放700份問卷，有效問卷為233份，回收率達到33.28%。另外，本研究使用線性結構模式來進行實證並驗證本研究所提出之各項假設。經LISREL統計分析驗證結果如下：一、組織學習能力經由互動機制對知識移轉績效產生影響。二、內隱性、複雜性與夥伴知識保護係經由模糊性對知識移轉績效產生影響。三、夥伴多元特質係經由雙鏈系絡因素對知識移轉績效產生影響。

In the era of knowledge-base economy, the well-developed information technology, the changes of market structure and the intense market competitions have induced every enterprises to devote themselves to acquire new knowledge and technology externally. Under the circumstances of limited resources and capabilities, companies have to seek for collaborations and engage in transferring the needed knowledge to gain the essential resources, reduce risks and keep competitive advantages. After reviewing the related literatures, we find that the researches on knowledge transfer have increasingly attracted attentions from academy and practitioner. However, the influential factors on knowledge transfer performance have been extracted from different approaches, and there still remains some unresolved issues. Therefore, this study will try to adopt an integrated framework to examine the causal linkage structure which outline the relationships within the antecedents, intervening variables and knowledge transfer performance. The samples of this study were drawn from the high-tech industry from Hsingchu, Taichung and Tainan Science Parks. 233 effective respondences were collected with 33.28% effective return rate. This study adopted LISREL as the statistical analysis method to test the hypotheses and examine the structural model. The major conclusions include: (1) Organizational learning capability has a significant positive impact on interaction mechanism, and thereafter a positive impact on the knowledge transfer performance. (2) Tacitness、complexity and partner protectiveness have a significant positive impact on the ambiguity, and thereafter a negative impact on knowledge transfer performance. (3) The compatibility between partner’s characteristics has a significant positive impact on dyad context, and thereafter a positive impact on knowledge transfer performance.