臺灣區域醫院社會工作者工作負荷感受之研究

A Study of Workload of Regional Hospital Social Workers in Taiwan

本研究透過郵寄問卷法，以任職於區域級教學醫院社會工作部門的社會工作者為研究對象，探究人力資本、工作內容與工作負荷感受之間的關係。總計郵寄135 份問卷，回收103 份問卷，問卷回收率達76%。研究結果發現，區域醫院社會工作者整體的工作負荷感受偏高，是處在高度體能付出、生理疲憊、緊張、時間壓力大，同時也需要高度集中注意力來進行決策思考的工作環境中；其中以參與教學督導與研究工作的負荷最高，其次是團體工作，再者是醫療團隊工作。此外，在區域醫院這個工作場域中，社會工作者的工作內容出現層級化的趨勢，個案與團體工作較偏向由基層社會工作者來承擔，且是他們工作負荷感受的主要來源；參與醫療團隊、教學督導與研究、行政工作則偏向管理層級的業務範疇，且這些工作也明顯增加他們的工作負荷感受。自陳擁有專業核心能力程度越高的區域醫院社會工作者，其整體的工作負荷感也越高，同時也擔負較高程度來自自己或組織的績效期許。本研究的研究發現可作為區域醫院促進職場健康，以及優化人力資源管理策略的參考。

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of job contents and human capital on social workers’ workload in regional hospitals in Taiwan. While past research focused on the individual characterstics and working condition, little is known about the impacts of job contents and human capital. A total of 135 surveys were mailed to the identified hospital social work departments, 103 surveys were completed and returned. The response rate of the survey was 76%. Regional hospital social workers are answerable for high burdens and were in a working environment that consists of high physical devotion, time pressure and high intensity of mental activities. They engaged in the following five categories of work: individual and group services, community service and project planning, medical teamwork, teaching and research, administrative work. The heaviest in order was teaching and research, group services, and medical teamwork. In addition, the higher degree of core competence they had, the higher workload they feeled, in particular, they suffered higher workload from the dimension of performance and frustration. The phenomenon of able social workers were always overloaded exist in the social service departments of regional hospitals. We hope the results could serve as a base for understanding, and provide directions for workplace health promotion and human resource management strategies for Taiwan’s hospital.