排灣語字詞層次韻律的語音學探究

The Phonetics of Paiwan Word-Level Prosody

本篇論文調查原住民語言字詞層次韻律的語音關聯因素，以佐證語音表述在音韻紀錄過程中扮演舉足輕重角色的論點。平和排灣語具有受音質影響的重音系統，外圍的母音如 /i/, /u/, /a/ 等比央元音更適合重音，主要的重音落在最響亮的元音上。然而，其他排灣語方言中的央元音卻能持有重音。另一方面，祈使調性影響語音音高對齊最後音節。重音節的母音比非重音節的母音具有較高的音高，而語音音高為排灣語字詞層次重音與韻律特點方面較為明顯的關聯因素。研究結果顯示，語音基頻的變化為探究排灣語字詞層次韻律的最佳模式。

In this paper the phonetic correlates of word-level prosody of an indigenous language were examined as a case of supporting the argument that phonetic representation plays a role in the documentation of phonology. Piuma Paiwan has a quality-sensitive stress in which peripheral vowels such as /i/, /u/, and /a/ are more optimal than the central schwa, and the primary stress falls on the most sonorant or the most optimal vowel. However, a schwa nucleus can bear stress in the other Paiwan dialects. On the other hand, imperative accent may result in the pitch peak aligned with the final syllable. Stressed syllables always have higher pitch than unstressed syllables, and pitch tends to be a robust cue to word-level stress and accent in Paiwan. The results suggest that word-level prosody in Paiwan is best modeled in terms of f0 realization.