論海南閩語之賓語標誌結構

On the Object Marker BUE in Hainan Min

本文探討海南閩語的賓語標誌 ɓue 及其句法語意相關議題。相較於台灣閩南語的「共」字，海南閩語 ɓue 相似於華語「把」字，不能充當多個語意角色標誌。然而，不同於華語「把」字，海南閩語的 ɓue 字除了可以有介詞功能外，還保有動詞的功能。本文認為海南閩語的 ɓue 字正在經歷語法化，從一個實詞過渡到一個功能詞。ɓue 的動詞及非動詞的用法在語意上有其共通性，都對其後所接的賓語有選擇性限制，都傾向連接一個無生的賓語。這個無生賓語的選擇限制，與《荔鏡記》語料相較，海南閩語的 ɓue 較接近於閩南語的「將」。

This paper focuses on Hainan Min’s object marker ɓue and its syntactic structures. Hainan Min ɓue seems to be very similar to Mandarin ba because the two markers do not exhibit multiple functions like Southern Min ka which can be a patient marker, source marker, goal marker and benefactive marker. However, unlike the word ba in Mandarin, Hainan Min ɓue can serve not only as an object marker, but also as a verb. In addition, this paper assumes that the verb ɓue has undergone grammaticalization and has developed from a verb into a preposition. The verbal and non-verbal functions of ɓue share the same semantic properties which carry the selection restriction on objecthood. Because of the animacy preference on objecthood, it is assumed that Hainan Min ɓue is closer to Taiwan Southern Min chiong rather than ka as a patient marker.