中文詞在詞彙判斷與閱讀作業的鄰項個數效應

Neighborhood Size Effects of Chinese Words in Lexical Decision and Reading

本研究操弄中文雙字詞的鄰項個數與詞頻，來探討中文詞的詞彙處理歷程。在兩個實驗中，詞的鄰項個數定義為，詞彙中所有具有相同首字的詞個數。第一個實驗測量受試者對雙字詞的詞彙判斷時間，第二個實驗則使用相同刺激材料置於句子中，記錄受試者眼動的凝視時間。不論詞彙判斷的反應時間或閱讀的凝視時間，皆一致地發現低頻詞鄰項個數的促進效應：鄰項個數多的雙字詞，其詞彙判斷的反應時間較鄰項個數少的雙字詞快，在閱讀句子時較易被跳過，凝視時間也較短。本研究的結果顯示，詞彙辨識的過程中，其鄰項詞的表徵也會受到部分激發，且鄰項詞在早期階段對詞彙處理扮演支持性的角色。

Two experiments manipulating neighborhood size and word frequency were used to investigate the lexical processing of Chinese words. The neighborhood size of a word is defined as the number of two-character words sharing the same initial constituent character. The first experiment measured the response latencies of lexical decision and the second experiment recorded the eye movements in reading the same set of stimuli embedded in sentences. Both lexical decision times and eye movement measures consistently showed the facilitative effects of neighborhood size. Words with many neighbors produced faster response of lexical decision, higher skipping rate, and shorter fixation duration than words with few neighbors. The results indicate that, representations of all neighboring word are partially activated and play a supportive role in the early stage of lexical access.