《荔鏡記》動詞分類和動相、格式

Verb Classification, Aktionsart, and Constructions in the Li Jing Ji

本文研究《荔鏡記》中動詞分類和動相、格式間的關係。現代閩南語類型上是分析語，大體上單詞的語義不像綜合語那樣具有豐富的語義。Vendler(1967)的四種動相的區別在現代漢語的表現斷不能單從動詞本身去考究，必須從動詞和句中其他成分或各類格式的互動入手，才能有效的掌握各類動相的意義。我們考察了姿態、放置、投擲、清理、捧提、穿戴、伴隨、捕捉、感知等九類動詞出現的格式對動相的表現所帶來效應，末了檢討了「在」、「到」、「著」及「見」對動相類別的劃分所起的作用。此外，界限性、動態性、自主性、類型強制、詮釋待決也是本文探討的課題。

This paper explores the relationship of verb classification, aktionsart, and constructions in the Li Jing Ji. Modern Southern Min as manifested therein is typologically speaking an analytic language, and as a rule meaning is not as richly encoded in words in analytic languages as in synthetic languages. Subtle distinctions in four classes of aktionsart (as drawn by Vendler 1967), if sought for in modern Southern Min, will not be detected by examining verbs alone; distinctions can only be fleshed out by observing the interaction of verb and construction. In this paper I examine nine classes of verbs denoting posture, placement, throwing, cleaning, carrying, wearing, escorting, catching, and perception, with focus on those constructions in which they occur and the constructional effect on their interpretation with respect to aktionsart. Finally, I explore the roles of Southern Min of ti7, kau3, and tioh8 in the realization of fine distinctions of aktionart. Furthermore, issues such as telicity, dynamicity, volitionality, type coercion, and underspecification are also addressed.