血液透析病人規律運動行為及預測因子之探討

Exploring Regular Exercise Behavior and Its Predictors in Hemodialysis Patients

背景：血液透析病人因身體功能的限制，會影響身體活動、心理健康、健康有關之生活品質及預後差。目的：本研究旨在探討血液透析病人之規律運動行為及預測因子。方法採用橫斷式描述相關性研究設計，以方便取樣選取一所地區教學醫院血液透析中心，共計122人參與本研究。結果　研究結果顯示，只有29人（23.8%）從事規律運動，目前有規律運動者，其六分鐘走路距離及運動自我效能顯著高於無規律運動者，以及憂鬱和疲憊狀態也顯著低於未規律運動者。以邏輯式迴歸分析發現，憂鬱及運動自我效能二個變項能有效預測長期血液透析病人規律運動行為，其勝算比分別為0.93及1.45。結論／實務應用　本研究發現血液透析病人能從事規律運動，其重要預測因子為低憂鬱狀態及高運動自我效能。本研究結果可提供醫護人員研擬推行長期血液透析病人規律運動與相關研究之參酌。

Background: Hemodialysis dialysis patients are restricted in their physical functions. These restrictions affect physical activity, psychological status, health-related quality of life, and medical prognoses. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore regular exercise behavior and its predictors in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design was used, and 122 subjects were recruited. Convenience sampling was conducted at an outpatient hemodialysis center of a regional teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. Results: The results showed that only 23.8% of the participants engaged in regular exercise. There were statistically significant differences between the regular-exercise group and the no-regular-exercise group in terms of the 6-minute walk distance, exercise self-efficacy, fatigue, and depression. A logistic regression analysis indicated that depression (odds ratio = 0.93) and exercise self-efficacy (odds ratio = 1.45) were the significant predictors of regular exercise behavior for hemodialysis patients. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: The present study demonstrated that low depression and high exercise self-efficacy were predictors of regular exercise behavior. The findings provide healthcare professionals with information that may be used to develop interventions that target the effective improvement of patient exercise habits.