某區域醫院護理人員專業自主性與工作滿意度及其相關影響因素之初探

A Pilot Study of the Professional Autonomy, Job Satisfaction, and Related Factors of Nurses at a Regional Hospital

背景：由於護理人員對專業自主性之施展常感到混淆與受限，且護理工作負荷重又繁瑣，導致工作士氣、工作效率及工作滿意度降低。目的：探討護理人員的專業自主性及工作滿意度的現況及其相關因素。方法：為橫斷性之調查研究，以南部某區域教學醫院全體護理人員為研究對象，使用內外控人格特質、護理專業自主性及工作滿意度等問卷量表進行資料蒐集。結果：共發出問卷207份，回收有效問卷196份，回收率94.69％。146位（74.50％）護理人員屬內控人格特質；中度以上專業自主性與工作滿意度，平均得分分別是3.37與3.32（滿分5分）。不同社會人口學變項護理人員在專業自主性及工作滿意度的得分上有差異。護理人員專業自主性與工作滿意度呈顯著正相關性。結論：護理人員屬內控人格特質者有較高的護理專業自主性及工作滿意度，護理人員專業自主性愈強工作滿意度愈高。

Background: Professional autonomy often causes confusion in nursing staffs that limit their ability to perform to the best of their professional capabilities. Moreover, heavy and busy workloads reduce the energy available for work resulting in lower working efficiency and lower job satisfaction. Purpose: This study explores the status and factors related to professional autonomy and job satisfaction in nurses. Method: A cross-sectional design was used to target the nurses employed at a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. Data on locus of control, professional autonomy, and job satisfaction were collected for analysis. Results: Data were collected from 207 nurses, with 196 valid responses (response rate: 94.69%). One hundred and forty-six subjects (74.5%) were found to have an internal locus of control personality type. Scores for both professional autonomy and job satisfaction were above the ＂moderate＂ level (averages: 3.37 and 3.32, respectively, on a maximum scale of 5). Social demographic differences contributed to the variance in professional autonomy and job satisfaction among participants. Professional autonomy was found to be positively associated with job satisfaction. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that nurses with an internal locus of control personality exhibit higher professional autonomy and job satisfaction and that higher professional autonomy is associated with higher job satisfaction.