台灣新移民的健康網絡

Health Networks for New Immigrants in Taiwan

背景：新移民健康照顧研究長期遵循生育健康管理政策，護理學者質疑這種由上而下的醫療保健是否切合新移民本身的需要，並呼籲醫療機構提供具文化敏感度的健康照護。目的：本文透過健康網絡的概念，探討台灣三大新移民族群──大陸、越南和印尼對健康的定義和維護健康的觀點。方法：以參與觀察和深度訪談了解不同族群的新移民女性如何建立、使用健康網絡，在新的國度尋求健康，評估不同的醫療體系，採取治療的經驗。結果：歸納成「新移民與台灣人健康照顧的差異」、「新移民在地的健康網絡」及「跨國的健康網絡」三部分，呈現女性新移民對健康和健康照顧的看法。結論／實務應用：本文透過新移民的行動和口述，展現新移民維護健康的主體性。新移民的健康網絡有其性別和族群文化的觀點，本文希望對跨文化護理理論和在職訓練有所貢獻，有助於醫護人員提供新移民文化適切的健康照顧。

Background: Healthcare and studies related to new immigrants in Taiwan have been influenced by immigrant reproductive health management policy. Some nursing scholars have criticized the top-down approach as potentially not addressing the actual healthcare needs of these immigrants. Medical institutions are being called upon to provide culturally appropriate care. Purpose: Using health networks as its conceptual framework, this paper explores the definition of health as perceived by recent immigrants to Taiwan and their perspectives on seeking and maintaining health. Method: This paper uses participant observation and depth-interviews to assess how recent immigrants from Mainland China, Vietnam, and Indonesia seek health in their new homeland, evaluate the differences between the healthcare systems in their former and current countries, and recommend actions necessary to ensure the health and wellbeing of this population. Results: The findings are grouped into three themes: ＂the differences between immigrants and Taiwanese in health care,＂ ＂local health networks＂, and ＂transnational health networks.＂ These themes reflect the views on health and health care of recent female immigrants to Taiwan. Conclusion: Through the actions and narratives of these immigrants, this paper suggests the priority concerns that immigrant agencies should address in order to maintain the health of this group. Additionally, findings give some insight into the gender and ethnic characteristics of immigrant health networks. Immigrants construct and rely upon social relations, cultural identity, and resources to maintain their wellbeing. This study contributes to transcultural nursing theory and to in-service training and helps medical practitioners and nurses provide culturally appropriate care.